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Home Rule
The modern Home Rule movement started in the second half of the nineteenth century.
Boosted by Charles Stewart Parnell and the British Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone the First Home Rule Bill provided a separate legislature for Ireland, while Great Britain reserved many powers for the British Parliament. The Bill did not make it through the House of Commons.
The Second Home Rule Bill proposed an Irish legislation for local matters and Irish representation in the British Parliament for Ireland related issues. The rejection of the Second Home Rule Bill by the House of Lords triggered the revival of nationalistic groups.
Finally, the Third Home Rule Bill became law and the resistance from the Protestants in Ulster would turn out to be the herald of a divided Ireland.